IP Glossary - O

within the context of EU-funded projects, refers to the practice of providing on-line access to scientific information that is free of charge to the end-user and is reusable. In the context of research and innovation, scientific information can refer to (i) peer-reviewed scientific research articles (published in scholarly journals) or (ii) research data (data underlying publications, curated data and/or raw data).

is computer software whose source code is made publicly available, allowing anyone to study, modify, improve, and redistribute the software, typically under a license that permits such use and adaptation.

Criteria that open source software must comply can be found at Open Source Initiative.

an innovation strategy through which companies can cross their internal organisational boundaries and cooperate with external professionals to carry their projects forward and work on R&D.

administrative mechanism through which a third party opposes the grant of a patent or a trade mark on the grounds of their prior right.

is one of the requirements for copyright protection. The test to determine whether a work will be considered original is to ask if it can be defined as the author's own intellectual creation.

the state or quality of being an owner of a proprietary right.  It enables its holder to exercise exclusive rights of use in relation to the subject matter of the IP and to restrict others from using these IP rights.